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处理样式资源

本章节我们学习使用 Webpack 如何处理 Css、Less、Sass、Scss、Styl 样式资源

介绍

Webpack 本身是不能识别样式资源的，所以我们需要借助 Loader 来帮助 Webpack 解析样式资源

我们找 Loader 都应该去官方文档中找到对应的 Loader，然后使用

官方文档找不到的话，可以从社区 Github 中搜索查询

Webpack 官方 Loader 文档

处理 Css 资源

1. 下载包 

npm i css-loader style-loader -D

注意：需要下载两个 loader

2. 功能介绍

  • css-loader：负责将 Css 文件编译成 Webpack 能识别的模块
  • style-loader：会动态创建一个 Style 标签，里面放置 Webpack 中 Css 模块内容

此时样式就会以 Style 标签的形式在页面上生效

3. 配置

js
const path = require("path");

module.exports = {
  entry: "./src/main.js",
  output: {
    path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"),
    filename: "main.js",
  },
  module: {
    rules: [
      {
        // 用来匹配 .css 结尾的文件
        test: /\.css$/,
        // use 数组里面 Loader 执行顺序是从右到左
        use: ["style-loader", "css-loader"],
      },
    ],
  },
  plugins: [],
  mode: "development",
};

4. 添加 Css 资源

  • src/css/index.css
css
.box1 {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: pink;
}
  • src/main.js
js
import count from "./js/count";
import sum from "./js/sum";
// 引入 Css 资源，Webpack才会对其打包
import "./css/index.css";

console.log(count(2, 1));
console.log(sum(1, 2, 3, 4));
  • public/index.html
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    <title>webpack5</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Hello Webpack5</h1>
    <!-- 准备一个使用样式的 DOM 容器 -->
    <div class="box1"></div>
    <!-- 引入打包后的js文件，才能看到效果 -->
    <script src="../dist/main.js"></script>
  </body>
</html>

5. 运行指令 

npx webpack

打开 index.html 页面查看效果

处理 Less 资源

1. 下载包 

npm i less less-loader -D

2. 功能介绍

  • less-loader：负责将 Less 文件编译成 Css 文件

3. 配置

js
const path = require("path");

module.exports = {
  entry: "./src/main.js",
  output: {
    path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"),
    filename: "main.js",
  },
  module: {
    rules: [
      {
        // 用来匹配 .css 结尾的文件
        test: /\.css$/,
        // use 数组里面 Loader 执行顺序是从右到左
        use: ["style-loader", "css-loader"],
      },
      {
        test: /\.less$/,
        use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "less-loader"],
      },
    ],
  },
  plugins: [],
  mode: "development",
};

4. 添加 Less 资源

  • src/less/index.less
css
.box2 {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: deeppink;
}
  • src/main.js
js
import count from "./js/count";
import sum from "./js/sum";
// 引入资源，Webpack才会对其打包
import "./css/index.css";
import "./less/index.less";

console.log(count(2, 1));
console.log(sum(1, 2, 3, 4));
  • public/index.html
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    <title>webpack5</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Hello Webpack5</h1>
    <div class="box1"></div>
    <div class="box2"></div>
    <script src="../dist/main.js"></script>
  </body>
</html>

5. 运行指令 

npx webpack

打开 index.html 页面查看效果

处理 Sass 和 Scss 资源

1. 下载包 

npm i sass-loader sass -D

注意：需要下载两个

2. 功能介绍

  • sass-loader：负责将 Sass 文件编译成 css 文件
  • sass：sass-loader 依赖 sass 进行编译

3. 配置

js
const path = require("path");

module.exports = {
  entry: "./src/main.js",
  output: {
    path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"),
    filename: "main.js",
  },
  module: {
    rules: [
      {
        // 用来匹配 .css 结尾的文件
        test: /\.css$/,
        // use 数组里面 Loader 执行顺序是从右到左
        use: ["style-loader", "css-loader"],
      },
      {
        test: /\.less$/,
        use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "less-loader"],
      },
      {
        test: /\.s[ac]ss$/,
        use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "sass-loader"],
      },
    ],
  },
  plugins: [],
  mode: "development",
};

4. 添加 Sass 资源

  • src/sass/index.sass
css
/* 可以省略大括号和分号 */
.box3
  width: 100px
  height: 100px
  background-color: hotpink
  • src/sass/index.scss
css
.box4 {
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background-color: lightpink;
}
  • src/main.js
js
import count from "./js/count";
import sum from "./js/sum";
// 引入资源，Webpack才会对其打包
import "./css/index.css";
import "./less/index.less";
import "./sass/index.sass";
import "./sass/index.scss";

console.log(count(2, 1));
console.log(sum(1, 2, 3, 4));
  • public/index.html
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    <title>webpack5</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Hello Webpack5</h1>
    <div class="box1"></div>
    <div class="box2"></div>
    <div class="box3"></div>
    <div class="box4"></div>
    <script src="../dist/main.js"></script>
  </body>
</html>

5. 运行指令 

npx webpack

打开 index.html 页面查看效果

处理 Styl 资源

1. 下载包 

npm i stylus-loader stylus -D

2. 功能介绍

  • stylus-loader：负责将 Styl 文件编译成 Css 文件

3. 配置

js
const path = require("path");

module.exports = {
  entry: "./src/main.js",
  output: {
    path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"),
    filename: "main.js",
  },
  module: {
    rules: [
      {
        // 用来匹配 .css 结尾的文件
        test: /\.css$/,
        // use 数组里面 Loader 执行顺序是从右到左
        use: ["style-loader", "css-loader"],
      },
      {
        test: /\.less$/,
        use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "less-loader"],
      },
      {
        test: /\.s[ac]ss$/,
        use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "sass-loader"],
      },
      {
        test: /\.styl$/,
        use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "stylus-loader"],
      },
    ],
  },
  plugins: [],
  mode: "development",
};

4. 添加 Styl 资源

  • src/styl/index.styl
css
/* 可以省略大括号、分号、冒号 */
.box 
  width 100px 
  height 100px 
  background-color pink
  • src/main.js
js
import { add } from "./math";
import count from "./js/count";
import sum from "./js/sum";
// 引入资源，Webpack才会对其打包
import "./css/index.css";
import "./less/index.less";
import "./sass/index.sass";
import "./sass/index.scss";
import "./styl/index.styl";

console.log(count(2, 1));
console.log(sum(1, 2, 3, 4));
  • public/index.html
html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    <title>webpack5</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Hello Webpack5</h1>
    <!-- 准备一个使用样式的 DOM 容器 -->
    <div class="box1"></div>
    <div class="box2"></div>
    <div class="box3"></div>
    <div class="box4"></div>
    <div class="box5"></div>
    <script src="../dist/main.js"></script>
  </body>
</html>

5. 运行指令 

npx webpack

打开 index.html 页面查看效果

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